Interactive Block Diagrams

Find the perfect block diagram with our step-by-step guide below. Start by choosing a solution,
then refine your selection as the next fields adapt dynamically to lead you to the final diagram.
Expanded View
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Monitor","path":"/design/interactive-block-diagrams/medical/continuous-glucose-monitor","children":[]},{"id":"f6130e35-4fd0-4719-acac-e3da45c1a9a6_IBD_DIAGRAM","parentId":"232a1fe1-c60b-4a4f-853e-7b73a7209c91_IBD_SUBSOLUTION","text":"Hearing Aid","path":"/design/interactive-block-diagrams/medical/hearing-aid","children":[]},{"id":"a3e4f792-c0dc-4153-bb76-59bbe623ed64_IBD_DIAGRAM","parentId":"232a1fe1-c60b-4a4f-853e-7b73a7209c91_IBD_SUBSOLUTION","text":"Patient Monitor","path":"/design/interactive-block-diagrams/medical/patient-monitor","children":[]},{"id":"fa0c8829-c8b8-426a-8624-fb6406550d0b_IBD_DIAGRAM","parentId":"232a1fe1-c60b-4a4f-853e-7b73a7209c91_IBD_SUBSOLUTION","text":"Ultrasound Transducer","path":"/design/interactive-block-diagrams/medical/ultrasound-transducer","children":[]}]},{"id":"d17e7410-a519-48f1-887a-1644e3a10c78_IBD_SUBSOLUTION","parentId":"9d330931-7485-49dd-ae21-990ea4e17af9_IBD_SOLUTION","text":"Medical Imaging","path":null,"children":[{"id":"7780a3f3-3fe2-4f1c-a8f4-f873ed853c45_IBD_DIAGRAM","parentId":"d17e7410-a519-48f1-887a-1644e3a10c78_IBD_SUBSOLUTION","text":"Digital Radiography","path":"/design/interactive-block-diagrams/medical/digital-radiography","children":[]}]}]}]

DC EV Charger - Block Diagram

DC EV Charger provides direct current electricity to electric vehicles, enabling faster charging compared to the AC chargers.

  "longDescription": "Detailed Description of Each Block",    "blocks": [ { "name": "AC Input", "function": "Provides AC power from the grid for EV charging.", "theory_of_operation": "Receives AC mains voltage and feeds it to the PFC stage for rectification and power factor correction.", "interaction": "Connects to PFC Stage.", "category": "Third party", "connection": ["PFC Stage", "Auxiliary Power"] }, { "name": "PFC Stage", "function": "Improves power factor and reduces harmonics while converting AC to DC.", "theory_of_operation": "Uses boost converter topology with controlled switching to shape input current in phase with voltage.", "interaction": "Receives AC input and outputs regulated DC to DC/DC Stage.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": ["DC/DC Stage", "Sensing"] }, { "name": "DC/DC Stage", "function": "Converts DC voltage from PFC stage to appropriate level for battery charging.", "theory_of_operation": "Employs isolated or non-isolated converter topologies (e.g., LLC or phase-shifted full bridge) for efficient power transfer.", "interaction": "Receives DC from PFC stage and delivers controlled DC to Output Switch.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": ["Output Switch", "Sensing"] }, { "name": "Output Switch", "function": "Controls final DC power delivery to the EV battery.", "theory_of_operation": "Uses solid-state switches to connect/disconnect battery charging path.", "interaction": "Interfaces between DC/DC Stage and vehicle battery.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": ["Vehicle Battery"] }, { "name": "Sensing", "function": "Monitors voltage, current, and system parameters for protection and control.", "theory_of_operation": "Uses amplifiers, comparators, ADCs, and voltage references to measure and digitize signals.", "interaction": "Provides feedback to MCU for closed-loop control.", "connection": ["MCU"], "sub_blocks": [ { "name": "Amplifier & Comparator", "function": "Amplifies signals and compares thresholds for protection.", "theory_of_operation": "Operational amplifiers and comparators detect overvoltage/overcurrent conditions.", "interaction": "Feeds conditioned signals to ADC.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "ADC", "function": "Converts analog signals to digital for MCU processing.", "theory_of_operation": "Successive approximation or sigma-delta ADC for precision measurement.", "interaction": "Interfaces with MCU.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Voltage Reference", "function": "Provides stable reference voltage for accurate sensing.", "theory_of_operation": "Bandgap reference ensures temperature-independent voltage.", "interaction": "Used by ADC and comparators.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] } ] }, { "name": "Auxiliary Power", "function": "Generates isolated low-voltage supply for control electronics.", "theory_of_operation": "Uses flyback converter topology for isolation and multiple outputs.", "interaction": "Feeds MCU, sensing, and gate driver circuits.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": ["Power Management"] }, { "name": "Gate Drivers", "function": "Provide gate control signals for power switches in PFC and DC/DC stages.", "theory_of_operation": "Amplifies MCU logic signals to high-current gate pulses with isolation.", "interaction": "Interfaces between MCU and power semiconductors.", "connection": ["PFC Stage", "DC/DC Stage", "Output Switch"], "sub_blocks": [ { "name": "Gate Driver", "function": "Drives MOSFETs or IGBTs in power stages.", "theory_of_operation": "Uses level-shifted gate control for high-side devices.", "interaction": "Connects to PFC and DC/DC power switches.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Isolation", "function": "Provides galvanic isolation for gate signals.", "theory_of_operation": "Uses optocouplers or magnetic isolation for signal transfer.", "interaction": "Connects MCU to gate drivers safely.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] } ] }, { "name": "MCU", "function": "Central control unit for charger operation.", "theory_of_operation": "Executes control algorithms, monitors system status, and manages communication.", "interaction": "Receives feedback from sensing and controls gate drivers.", "connection": ["Sensing", "Gate Drivers", "Auxiliary Power", "Support Circuitry", "Communication"], "sub_blocks": [ { "name": "CPU", "function": "Central processing unit for control and communication.", "theory_of_operation": "Executes firmware to manage system operations.", "interaction": "Interfaces with other blocks.", "category": "Third party", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Temperature", "function": "Monitors thermal conditions for protection.", "theory_of_operation": "Uses sensors and analog circuits for temperature feedback.", "interaction": "Provides data to MCU.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "ESD Protection", "function": "Protects MCU pins from electrostatic discharge.", "theory_of_operation": "Uses TVS diodes and clamping circuits.", "interaction": "Placed on MCU I/O lines.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Memory", "function": "Stores firmware and operational data.", "theory_of_operation": "Non-volatile storage for system code and logs.", "interaction": "Interfaces with MCU core.", "category": "Third party", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Level Translator", "function": "Converts logic levels between different voltage domains.", "theory_of_operation": "MOSFET-based bidirectional translation.", "interaction": "Connects MCU to peripheral ICs.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Zener Diode", "function": "Provides voltage clamping for protection.", "theory_of_operation": "Breakdown at specific voltage to absorb surges.", "interaction": "Placed across sensitive MCU lines.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Logic", "function": "Implements basic digital functions for control.", "theory_of_operation": "Uses CMOS gates for signal processing.", "interaction": "Connects to MCU and I/O expanders.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Small Signal", "function": "Amplifies or conditions low-level signals.", "theory_of_operation": "Uses op-amps or transistor stages for signal integrity.", "interaction": "Interfaces sensors to MCU ADC.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] } ] }, { "name": "Power Management", "function": "Distributes and regulates low-voltage power for control circuits.", "theory_of_operation": "Includes converters, LDOs, PMIC, and protection circuits.", "interaction": "Feeds MCU and sensing blocks.", "connection": ["MCU", "Communication", "Gate Drivers", "Sensing"], "sub_blocks": [ { "name": "Converter", "function": "Steps down voltage for LV rails.", "theory_of_operation": "Switching regulator for efficient conversion.", "interaction": "Feeds LDO and PMIC.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "LDO", "function": "Provides clean low-noise voltage for sensitive circuits.", "theory_of_operation": "Linear regulation for minimal ripple.", "interaction": "Feeds MCU and analog blocks.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Load Switch", "function": "Manages multiple voltage rails for system power.", "theory_of_operation": "Integrates converters and regulators in one IC.", "interaction": "Distributes power to LV circuits.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "eFuse", "function": "Protects LV circuits from overcurrent and short circuits.", "theory_of_operation": "Uses fuses or electronic protection ICs.", "interaction": "Placed on LV rails before loads.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] } ] }, { "name": "Communication", "function": "Provides in-vehicle and external communication for diagnostics and control.", "theory_of_operation": "Implements automotive communication protocols for data exchange.", "interaction": "Connects MCU to vehicle network and external interfaces.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": ["MCU"], "sub_blocks": [ { "name": "CAN", "function": "Provides robust in-vehicle communication.", "theory_of_operation": "Differential signaling for fault-tolerant data exchange.", "interaction": "Connects MCU to CAN bus.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Protection", "function": "ESD protection for communication protocols.", "theory_of_operation": "Protects against ESD discharge.", "interaction": "Included with every communication transceiver.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Ethernet", "function": "Provides high-speed data communication.", "theory_of_operation": "Implements automotive Ethernet standards.", "interaction": "Connects MCU to external network.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Bluetooth", "function": "Provides wireless communication.", "theory_of_operation": "Uses Bluetooth protocol.", "interaction": "Connects MCU to wireless devices.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] } ] } ], "interconnections": [ {"source": "AC Input", "target": "PFC Stage"}, {"source": "AC Input", "target": "Auxiliary Power"}, {"source": "PFC Stage", "target": "Sensing"}, {"source": "DC/DC Stage", "target": "Output Switch"}, {"source": "DC/DC Stage", "target": "Sensing"}, {"source": "Output Switch", "target": "Vehicle Battery"}, {"source": "Sensing", "target": "MCU"}, {"source": "Auxiliary Power", "target": "Power Management"}, {"source": "Power Management", "target": "Gate Drivers"}, {"source": "Power Management", "target": "Communication"}, {"source": "Power Management", "target": "MCU"}, {"source": "Power Management", "target": "Sensing"}, {"source": "Gate Drivers", "target": "PFC Stage"}, {"source": "Gate Drivers", "target": "DC/DC Stage"}, {"source": "Gate Drivers", "target": "Output Switch"}, {"source": "MCU", "target": "Gate Drivers"} {"source": "MCU", "target": "Power Management"} {"source": "MCU", "target": "Communication"} {"source": "Communication", "target": "MCU"} ],    "Last_update": "2025-12-19",

DC EV Charger

ADC - Block

Products

  • Data Converters (ADC)
    • NCD98011

      12-Bit Low Power SAR ADC Signed Output

    • NCD98010

      12-Bit Low Power SAR ADC Unsigned Output

    • NCD9830

      ADC, 8-Bit, 8-Chanel, with I2C Interface

Technical Documentation

Evaluation Boards/Kits

FAQs

1. What are the main functional blocks of a DC fast charger

A DC fast charger consists of an AC‑DC PFC or active front end, a high‑voltage DC link, an isolated DC‑DC converter, an output switch, auxiliary power supplies, sensing, control, and communication blocks. Each block contributes to efficiency, safety, grid compliance, and scalable system operation.

2. What AC‑DC front‑end topologies are commonly used?

Common AC‑DC front‑end options include Vienna PFC, 2‑level active front ends, and 3‑level topologies such as T‑NPC and NPC/A‑NPC. These architectures balance efficiency, EMI performance, bidirectional capability, complexity, and cost depending on charger power level and use case.

3. How do DC EV chargers support 400 V and 800 V EV topologies?

DC fast chargers support both voltage classes by using scalable power stages and appropriate semiconductor voltage ratings. Front‑end and DC‑DC topologies are designed to operate across wide voltage ranges, enabling compatibility with current 400 V vehicles and newer 800 V platforms.

4. What are the key challenges in designing DC fast chargers?

Major challenges include managing efficiency at high power, controlling EMI, ensuring fast and safe fault protection, meeting grid standards, and achieving compact thermal designs. Designers must also balance cost, scalability, and reliability while supporting evolving requirements such as bidirectional charging.

5. How does the onsemi Interactive Block Diagram help me select parts and build a worksheet/BOM?

The onsemi interactive block diagram lets you select a taxonomy, choose devices per block, and download a worksheet. If you need a deeper dive into the tool, watch our tutorial video.

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